Technical exchange on vortex vacuum pumps
A vacuum pump refers to a device or equipment that uses mechanical, physical, chemical, or physical and chemical methods to absorb the absorbed container and obtain a vacuum. Generally speaking, a vacuum pump is a device that improves, produces, and maintains a closed space through various methods.
1、 The basic characteristics of vortex vacuum pumps.
The vortex vacuum pump evolved from the vortex compressor. The principle of this mechanism was first invented by the Frenchman Cruex in 1905. Due to the lack of practical application of the technology at that time, it was not until the 1980s that it was applied in the field of vacuum technology. Simple structure, few parts, small clearance, low leakage rate, high compression ratio, requiring cooling water and lubricating oil, simple maintenance, and high reliability.
Due to the characteristics of the vortex vacuum pump's own profile, the pumping speed of the vortex vacuum pump generally does not exceed 1000L/min; Vortex pumps with a pumping speed greater than 4L/s generally adopt a double-sided vortex structure, while those with a pumping speed less than 4L/s mostly adopt a single-sided vortex structure, with an ultimate vacuum of around 1Pa.
2、 The working principle of a vortex vacuum pump.
The working chamber of the vortex vacuum pump is composed of a pair of conjugate vortex disc pairs installed through meshing. A vortex disk is a type of vortex shaped structure with one or several involute spiral grooves on the surface of the disk. The static vortex disc and the dynamic vortex disc are assembled in a staggered manner, and the static disc anti rotation mechanism ensures a 180 ° phase difference. In this way, a pair of vortex disc pairs form the suction mechanism of the oil-free vortex vacuum pump.
The static and dynamic vortex discs come into contact with each other on several straight lines (with several points on the cross-section), forming several pairs of crescent shaped closed cavities. Driven by the crankshaft, the moving vortex plate moves around the center of the static vortex plate's vortex body, and the contact point moves along the vortex surface for suction, compression, and exhaust.
Under the drive of the motor, each revolution of the crankshaft forms a new set of crescent shaped closed cavities, realizing the suction, compression, and exhaust circulation of the vortex vacuum pump, forming inclusiveness and forced delivery of the pumped gas.
Through the dynamic diagram, we can have a more intuitive understanding of the operating mode of the rotor of the vortex vacuum pump.
3、 The structural characteristics of a vortex vacuum pump.
The vortex vacuum pump has a simple structure and is mainly composed of five components.
① Dynamic and static vortex disc pair and base; ② Crankshaft; ③ Sealing element; ④ Anti rotation mechanism; ⑤ Motor vortex vacuum pump structure.
The main moving component of a vortex vacuum pump is only the moving vortex disc, which has simple power transmission, small motion radius under the same size, simple and compact structure, smooth operation, almost no wear, and low power consumption, which is not possessed by other types of dry vacuum pumps.
The vortex vacuum pump has a small pumping speed and is not suitable for toxic, flammable and explosive gases, corrosive gases, drugs, solvents, powders and other media environments. Therefore, currently vortex vacuum pumps are mainly used in analytical instruments, semiconductor chip production lines, LCD display production lines, and scientific research equipment. Due to its ability to start directly at atmospheric pressure, it often appears as a molecular pump and a small low-temperature pump.